The two-day conference provided an informative overview about the past and prospects of pharmaceutical collaboration opportunities between US and China. Some key problems that frequently arise during the collaboration, such as communication, government regulation and cultural differences, received extensive discussion. It was clear that despite all the complexities and challenges, China stands out as one of the most promising places to fuel further growth of pharmaceutical industry in the near future. This conference successfully provides the attendees with past lessons and new ideas to unleash such innovation power with in-depth understanding and adaptive strategies.